Super Freezer with cryogenic technology
I. Overview of Super Freezer processing
1. Definition of Super Freezer
The working principle of Super Freezer Container is based on cryogenic technology; what is cryogenic technology? In industry, the treatment method in which materials are further cooled to a specific temperature below zero degrees Celsius (usually 0~-130℃) after standard heat treatment is called common cold treatment; and cruel treatment below -130℃ (usually -130℃~-196℃) is called cryogenic treatment. Cryogenic treatment, also commonly known as ultra-low temperature treatment, continues standard heat treatment, a branch of cryogenic technology.
Cryogenic treatment under the Super Freezer is a new technology that places the treated workpiece in a specific, controlled low-temperature environment and changes the material’s microstructure to improve or improve the material’s properties. Due to changes in the microstructure of the treated material at low temperature, it shows the improvement of wear resistance, dimensional stability, tensile strength, residual stress, etc., of the material at a macro level.
With the development of cryogenic technology and the improvement of test methods, people have gradually deepened the research on the cryogenic treatment of Super Freezer. In addition to steel materials, materials have now extended to powder metallurgy, copper alloys, aluminium alloys and other non-metallic materials (such as plastics, nylon, etc.). A recent study by Professor Robin Rhodes of the New England Institute of Cryogenic Treatment found that Super Freezer cryogenic treatment can significantly extend the service life of engine parts on racing cars, motorcycles, ships, skis, small racing, etc. The emergence of Super Freezer cryogenic treatment technology has opened up another broad field of research for the practical application and development of cryogenics in the industry.
II. Development history of Super Freezer
More than 100 years ago, Swiss watchmakers buried critical parts of their watches in the cold, snowy mountains of the Alps to improve the lifespan of their eyes. At the same time, some experienced toolmakers could achieve similar results by storing tools in freezers for several months before using them. Now it seems that they have unconsciously applied the Super Freezer cold treatment.
With Super Freezer refrigeration technology development, cryogenic treatment technology appeared in the 1930s. In 1939, the Russians first proposed the concept of cryogenic treatment. Still, because the cryogenic technology at that time was not perfect, it was only theoretically explored for a long time and fumbled in the laboratory.
Professor F. Barron of Louisiana Tech University in the United States studied five different alloy sheets of steel in the late 1960s. By comparing samples after uncooled treatment, low temperature -84℃ treatment, and cryogenic therapy at 190℃, it was found that the abrasive wear of the specimen after low-temperature treatment changed significantly, and the hardness changed was not noticeable.
The wear resistance of specimens treated at -84℃ is 2.0-6.6 times higher than that of uncooled treatment, while models treated at -190℃ is 2.6 times higher than that of -84℃. The actual production process of the Super Freezer also confirms the validity of F.Barron’s findings. Dayton’s punches for large pot wheel engines have doubled their service life when treated at 190°C.
With the development of liquid nitrogen technology and insulation materials, the United States first put Super Freezer cryogenic treatment into practical use in 1965, mainly for aviation. Since then, the Super Freezer cryogenic technology began to attract the attention of researchers around the world.
China’s research and development of Super Freezer cryogenic treatment started late. Only in the late 1980s did our scientific researchers begin to study the process and mechanism of Super Freezer cryogenic treatment. The materials mainly focus on tool steel, die steel and high-speed steel.
The study results showed that the material’s performance after cryogenic treatment by Super Freezer was generally significantly improved compared to that of regular cold therapy. In recent years, with the development of cryogenic technology, cryogenic treatment has gradually expanded from research on ferrous metals to non-ferrous metals and composites and has made certain research progress.
III. Analysis of the principles of Super Freezer processing
According to the laws of thermodynamics, there is a limit to the minimum temperature that can be achieved, the well-known “absolute zero (absolute zero) = -273.15℃” theory. All molecules and atoms that makeup matter at this temperature cease to move. Motion means all spatial, mechanical, molecular and vibration movements, including some forms of electronic motion. According to the laws of thermodynamics, absolute zero can never be reached, only infinitely approximated.
The Super Freezers are double-layer stainless steel, and the stress components are specially reinforced. The unique insulation layer effectively blocks hot and cold exchange inside and outside the box. The Super Freezer case cover is equipped with an air pressure-assist spring to facilitate the opening and support of the body. Seal strips and unique door buckles are installed between the surface and the case of the Super Freezer to ensure complete sealing and reliable locking and equipped with an electrical interlock and alarm device to ensure the safety of use. User-friendly microcomputer operation interface.
IV. Significance of handling Super Freezers
The Super Freezer program-controlled cryogenic equipment can control the temperature and the cooling speed. There are usually two types of refrigeration applications that are more common:
1. Super Freezer liquid nitrogen refrigeration principle: The liquid nitrogen in the storage container is cooled by absorbing the heat of the workpiece when the liquid is sublimated into gas. Liquid nitrogen cannot be reused after refrigeration. New liquid nitrogen needs to be added. The refrigeration rate range is extensive, and the refrigeration temperature range is 0-196℃.
2. Super Freezer compressor refrigeration principle: use the suction pipe to inhale low temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas, compress it through the motor drive the piston, discharge the high temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the exhaust pipe to provide power for the refrigeration cycle, to realize the refrigeration cycle of compression → condensation → expansion → evaporation (heat absorption).
The compressor refrigerant can be reused many times, consumes relatively little, consumes more electricity in the refrigeration process, relatively low refrigeration rate, and the refrigeration temperature range is within 0-80℃. The two refrigeration methods mentioned above use liquid nitrogen to cool more in the production of industrial program-controlled cryogenic boxes. The Super Freezer liquid nitrogen can be used in the temperature range of 0℃ – -196℃ when refrigerated.